Chtjeit-dasheb



A. c. VAUGHAN.

v Churn.

Patented March 6; 1860.

enZa 91' $4M M 4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AARON C. VAUGHAN, OF JOHNSTOIVN, PENNSYLVANIA.

CHURN-IDASI-IER.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 27,396, dated March 6, 1860.

. To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AARON C. VAUGHAN, of Johnstown, in the county ofCambria and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in the Mode of Hanging and Operating Churn- Dashers; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the construction and operation of the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, represents aperspective view of a churn with two churn dashers, the box beingrepresented as broken out. Fig. 2, represents a top view of a churn withthree dashers.

The nature of my invention relates to the manner of so hanging andoperating two, three, or more revolving churn dashers within a churn boxand arranged in a longitudinal direction, as that each succeeding dasherin the series shall revolve in a direction contrary to the preceding oneand have also its blades inclined in a direction contrary to thepreceding one, thus causing an amount of agitation in the cream; whichwill materially shorten the operation of churning.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

A, represents the churn box, and B, G, D, represent the dashers.

I11 Fig. 1, the dasher B, has its bearings respectively in the side ofthe box A, and in the pillar block E, while the bearings of thedasher C,are respectively in the pillar block E, and in a step in the adjust-ableset screw 5. The shafts of the dashers B and C, are parallel, and theyare connected to each other by means of the pinions a, a, which aresecured, one to each shaft, and thus when one of the shafts is turned,the other will turn in a direction contrary to it. The two dashers thusworking in relation to each other, and revolving in opposite directionswill cause the cream to be agitated with an efficiency which willmaterially shorten the operation of churning. Nor is this arrangementconfined to a fixed number of dashers, as three and more can be used inthe same churn according to its size, and each one of the series runningin a direction contrary to its next adjacent one. Fig. 2, shows anarrangement of three dashers, and on the same principle any number canbe arranged without changing the characteristics of the machine; it isobvious that whatever number may be used, the motions of any twoadjoining dashers will be in opposite directions. To accomplish thisobject, by the simple arrangement of the pinions a, within the churnbox, and this I consider the leading feature of my invention, nor do Iconfine my invention to the application of cogged wheels alone, aspulleys or other mechanical devices may be used on the inside of thechurn box, to effect the same object, which is to give two three or moredashers in one churn box motions in opposite directions by gearingarranged on the inside of the box. The object in reversing theinclination of the blades in each adjacent dasher of the series is, toprevent the cream from moving in any one direction, as it would do ifthe shafts and blades were straight, or if they all inclined in the samedirection. If straight the force of the current would be around theshaft, but this is counteracted by breaking the line of the shaft,though still keeping them parallel with each other. If the blades wereinclined in one direction only, then the cream would be forced to thatend of the box toward which the inclination tends. By breaking the lineof shafting and by skewing the blades of the adjacent dashers of theseries, I counteract both tendencies of the current to follow the shaft,and the inclination of one of the series, and thus create the greatestpossible amount of agitation, and prevent the cream from flowing in bulkin the box. lVhatever current each dasher may make around itself, it isat the same time jetting a horizontal stream into the stream of the nextadjacent dasher.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, I would statethat I do not claim putting two or more dashers in one churn, as this isnot new; nor do I claim revolving the dashers in contrary directions bygearing arranged outside or inside of the churn box, but

What I do claim herein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

Arranging the shafts of a series of revolving churn dasherslongitudinally in the churn box and connecting them by means of coggedwheels or other mechanical equivalents when the latter are arrangedinside of the churn box, and rotate each adjacent pair of dashers incontrary directions, as shown, and when the blades of the dashers ineach series incline in contrary direc= tions also, substantially in themanner and for the purpose herein described.

AARON O. VAUGHAN. WVitnesses: I A. B. SToUGHToN, E. COHEN.

